Research article – Open access
The Legal Challenges of Artificial Intelligence in International Humanitarian Law
Dr. Ahmed Hatem Al-Rubaie
Pages 1 – 20
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Abstract
This study examines the legal challenges created by the use of artificial intelligence in armed conflicts within the framework of international humanitarian law. It focuses on whether existing legal principles such as distinction, proportionality, and accountability are sufficient to regulate autonomous and semi-autonomous weapons systems. Using a qualitative legal and comparative approach, the research finds that although AI may improve precision and reduce some human errors, it also creates serious problems related to civilian protection, responsibility, and ethical control. The study concludes that current international humanitarian law is not fully adequate to address these challenges and recommends a specialized international treaty that ensures human control, transparency, and accountability.
Research article – Open access
Exact Analysis of the Solution of Caputo Fractional Differential Equations Using Laplace Transforms
Hanan Ibrahim Omar Jalghaf
Pages 21 – 40
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Abstract
This paper studies linear Caputo fractional differential equations and presents an exact analytical method for solving them through Laplace transforms. It explains how this technique transforms complex fractional equations into algebraic forms and produces precise closed-form solutions expressed through special functions such as the Mittag-Leffler function. The research emphasizes the usefulness of this method for handling initial value problems and modeling systems with memory effects in physics, engineering, and biology. It concludes that the Laplace transform approach provides accurate and practical solutions without relying on numerical approximations.
Research article – Open access
Investing in interactive marketing strategy and its effect in strengthening creative abilities for workers A field study on a sample of Executive departments in private banks in Baghdad
Dr. Fares Abdullah Kadhim Al-Janabi
Pages 41 – 63
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Abstract
This research investigates the impact of adopting interactive marketing strategies on strengthening the creative abilities of employees in private banks in Baghdad. It focuses on dimensions such as interaction, communication, commitment, trust, and service quality, and examines how these factors influence employees’ decision-making, openness, communication, and creativity. Using a questionnaire distributed to executive departments in three private banks and analyzing the data with statistical tools, the study finds a significant correlation and effect between interactive marketing strategies and the enhancement of employees’ creative abilities. It concludes that investing in interactive marketing can improve both organizational performance and employee creativity in the banking sector.
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ISSN: 3050-7618
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